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Articles Open Access 02 July 2025

Tuning Nanofiber Morphology and Hydrophobicity via PVDF-co-HFP Polymer Concentration

  • Naufaldin Adam Naim
    Naufaldin Adam Naim
    Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan, 35365 Indonesia
  • Aditya Rianjanu
    Aditya Rianjanu*
    Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, 35365, Indonesia
    * Corresponding author
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung, Lampung Selatan, 35365 Indonesia
Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan, 35365, Indonesia
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Abstract

This study investigates the effect of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-co-HFP) concentration on the morphological and surface wettability properties of electrospun nanofibers. Nanofiber mats were fabricated using electrospinning with PVDF-co-HFP concentrations ranging from 12 wt% to 18 wt%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed that increasing polymer concentration resulted in larger and more uniform fiber diameters, ranging from approximately 235 nm to 560 nm. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the preservation of the chemical structure, with characteristic peaks associated with CF₂ and C–F groups, and the presence of both α- and β-phases of PVDF. Water contact angle (WCA) measurements indicated a marked increase in hydrophobicity, with WCA values rising from ~108° for PVDF-co-HFP12 to ~128° for PVDF-co-HFP18. This enhancement is attributed to increased surface roughness and fiber diameter, in line with the Cassie–Baxter wetting model. The results demonstrate that polymer concentration is a critical parameter in tailoring nanofiber morphology and wettability, providing a straightforward strategy for designing functional materials in applications such as water-repellent coatings, filtration membranes, and sensing platforms.

Keywords

PVDF-co-HFP electrospinning nanofiber water contact angle surface wettability

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Cite this: Greensusmater. 2025, 2, 1, 7-11
Publication History
  • Received: May 21, 2025
  • Accepted: June 16, 2025
  • Published: July 2, 2025
DOI: 10.62755/greensusmater.2025.2.1.7-11
Copyright © 2025 | The Authors. This publication is licensed under CC-BY 4.0. Published by Green and Sustainable Materials Society.
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